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Eendragtpan Formation

Eendragtpan Fm


Period: 
Permian, Triassic

Age Interval: 
Middle Permian-Middle Triassic (Wordian-Ladinian)


Province: 
SouthAfrica-Namibia-Botswana

Type Locality and Naming

Ellisras Basin / Waterberg Coalfield (Limpopo Province, South Africa). Named after the farm Eendragtpan in the Lephalale (formerly Ellisras) district of the Limpopo Province. It was established as a formal lithostratigraphic unit to describe the non-carbonaceous, brightly colored mudstone sequence sitting above the main coal measures in this structurally isolated basin. Included in Beaufort Gr

Synonym:


Lithology and Thickness

A predominantly fine-grained, clayey succession, typically reaching up to 100 meters in thickness. It is characterized by massive, variegated (mottled) mudstones and siltstones displaying vivid colors of red, maroon, purple, bluish-grey, and pale green. It also contains subordinate, thin, lenticular beds of fine-grained, pale-grey sandstone. Crucially, it is completely devoid of coal or highly carbonaceous material.


Lithology Pattern: 
Claystone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Rests conformably, but often with a very sharp and abrupt lithological transition, upon the highly carbonaceous shales and thick coal seams of the Grootegeluk Fm (the local Upper Ecca equivalent).

Upper contact

Unconformably overlain by the coarse-grained, high-energy braided-river sandstones of the Greenwich Fm (the local Molteno Fm equivalent).

Regional extent

Restricted entirely to the subsurface of the Ellisras Basin (Waterberg Coalfield) in northwestern South Africa. It is known almost exclusively from extensive coal exploration drilling, as it is mantled by younger Cenozoic Kalahari sands. Beaufort Gr equivalent in the Ellisras Basin.


GeoJSON

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Fossils


Age 

Middle Permian-Middle Triassic (Wordian-Ladinian)

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Wordian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
269.21

    Ending stage: 
Ladinian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
237.00

Depositional setting

Terrestrial meandering river and broad floodplain environments.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

From the O. Catuneanu et al. / Journal of African Earth Sciences 43 (2005) 211–253; MacRae, C.S. (1988): Palynostratigraphic correlation between the Lower Karoo Sequence of the Waterberg and Pafuri coal-bearing basins and the Hammanskraal plant macrofossil locality; Johnson, M.R., et al. (2006): Sedimentary rocks of the Karoo Supergroup. In: The Geology of South Africa.